Research Proposal Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Proposal Letter - Essay Example However, the number of local curbside recycling programs has also increased from 8,875 in 2002 to over 9,000 today, which has led to a 8 million ton reduction in MSW. This indicates that recycling schemes are effective in reducing disposal rates. However, in 2009 only 82 million tons of this total waste was composted or recycled (33.8%). Baksi and Long (2009) therefore claim that effective waste management strategies are crucial if the US government is to: reduce the amount of household waste being disposed of in land fill sites promote the conservation of natural resources though reducing use of virgin materials increase the amount of household waste being recycled maintain public support decrease the levels of environmental damage caused by landfill sites I therefore believe that recycling issues need to gain serious priority on the government’s agenda and I recommend introducing disposal fees such as ‘unit based pricing systems’ for financing residential trash collection. This is because at the moment many households have zero economic incentive to recycle because they pay for their waste collection and disposal services through general taxation and a fixed rate, thereby undervaluing the price of waste disposal.

Multi Sector Collaborative Project Research Proposal

Multi Sector Collaborative Project - Research Proposal Example This portion of the project introduces the topic. The topic a very brief explanation regarding it should be given in this portion. The topic chosen for study is "to study the effects of the usage of Methamphetamines in Spokane." Excessive usage of Meth by the people is one of the major issues that Spokane has been facing in the recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects that are created by this drug on the social setup of Spokane and the methods to curb the further spreading of this deadly habit among the people. This portion is the introduction of the project. The project and its purpose are to be explained in detail in this portion. An introduction regarding what Methamphetamine is and what influence it had on Spokane is to be enumerated in this portion. Meth is a drug that speeds up the activities of the brain. This drug is normally in the form of powder. It is also available in pills and crystal forms. This drug is mostly used by the youth. This drug affects the central nervous system very badly. Excessive usage of this drug is harmful for human being as it causes many diseases including diseases that are related to the cardiac system. It will also result in higher body temperature. People use this drug through many ways. Smoking, swallowing, inhaling and injecting are some of the methods through which people take in this drug. This drug is used by some others to reduce weight or to boost up their performance. That is usage of this drug will accelerate the working of heart and brain. As a result of which blood flow increases in the body. It is found that excessive usage of this drug has even resulted in death. Hypothesis A hypothesis is any argument made by the researcher that he intends to prove by the results of his study. The hypothesis of this project can be any statement that shows that usage of Meth is harmful. The hypothesis here is "excessive usage of Meth will harm the social setup of Spokane and will also harm the future generations of the society" Objectives of the study This is one of the important components of any project. The objective of the study is the intention of the researcher behind doing a project. The research or project should be carried on by adopting the objectives as the base. The objectives of this project are as follows: To study the impact of excessive usage of meth on the social setup of Spokane. To analyze the impact of court order on the mindset of Meth addicts. Main body Main body of the work is where all the information regarding then topic and all the literature required for conducting the study is listed. In this portion the researcher should gather detailed information regarding the components of the topic of study. The main objective of this project is to analyze the impact of the usage of Meth. The project is being studied on the basis of prevention program that is conducted for many meth addicts of the region. The people who are considered here for prevention program are persons who are charged with drug related offences. The results of the project are based on the prevention program and the additional information gathered from various secondary sources. Spokane is a city located near to Washington. This city is located along the Spokane River. This city is also called Lilac City. Spokane is the second largest populated city in Washington. The

Economical Aspects of Architectural Design

Economical Aspects of Architectural Design Basics of Project Management Contents (Jump to) a) Describe and explain the difference between real estate and other assets / economic goods (e.g. capital products). b) Give at least three reasons why a client make an investment in real estate. c) In line with the scenario, List and explain all of the following:- the reasons for the client to appoint a Project Manager, referring to a least five (5) client’s tasks d) The kind/type of skills a Project Manager should have, and explain why s/he should be generalist within a client’s organization. e) List, explain and debate the major aspects/characteristics, to optimize the investment cost and subsequent (follow-up) costs within the design under constant consideration of the intended purpose. Also explain the basic interrelation between investment cost and subsequent cost. As the instructed project manager for an office building, you are being asked to analyse the architect’s design concerning economical aspects, by answering all the tasks in this brief. Task 1.1 a) Describe and explain the difference between real estate and other assets / economic goods (e.g. capital products). In order to know the differences between real estate and financial assets, one must first understand what these assets are. First and foremost, real estate is all of the value-generating properties and commodities owned by the client, being physical items such as lands and buildings on which you can put a specific value on. Such value is determined by various factors like the location, functionality and cost. Meanwhile, financial assets are all those transactional instruments which can be converted into cash. In fact, such assets can be in the form of trade receivables, shares or bonds and are done to represent an underlying value or percentage of the real estate. The difference between the two, is that such financial assets are more liquid when compared with real estate since they can be easily converted into cash. In fact, financial assets such as stocks can be easily sold within a matter of hours while real estate normally takes months to sell. Another difference between the two, is that the actual property may experience depreciation through the years while financial assets may generate more cash flow due to perpetual growth over the years. Needless to say, one must keep that in real estate the client would own the actual land, a land component which will have an infinite lifetime. Also, financial assets may possess a greater risk since the investment being done can’t be physically seen or studied. Finally, one must also keep in mind that the economic cycle is always changing by time (as seen in the image below) and therefore if such investment is to be done, the client must have an idea of the economy’s situation in the near future. http://smallbusiness.chron.com/financial-vs-real-asset-79865.html http://www.gulfbase.com/InvestmentTutorial/Section?id=24 https://books.google.com.mt/books?id=ciJwGJfjHGkCpg=PA739lpg=PA739dq=real+estate+versus+financial+assetssource=blots=rJtkg_kdgksig=D5u9lFi7MdLceg06jRKJrKMja7chl=ensa=Xei=RMCGVIXxGMz5UKOtgsgDved=0CEEQ6AEwBQ#v=onepageq=real%20estate%20versus%20financial%20assetsf=false http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pdfiles/valn2ed/ch26.pdf b) Give at least three reasons why a client makes an investment in real estate. There are various reasons why a client should invest in real estate. These three main reasons are; Rental Such procedure is considered to be an old practice which is still commonly used nowadays, were the client buys a property and rent it out to a tenant/s. In fact, in such system the client/landlord is responsible to maintain such property in a condition and ensure that all taxes and other fees are also paid by this individual. On the other hand, the landlord will then request the tenant to pay a specific fee to cover all of the cost for maintenance and accommodation. Usually, when the mortgage of such property has been paid, the consequent rents will become a profit to the client. Trading Unlike the rental procedure, trading involves the buying of property with the intention of holding them for a short period before sell them in order to make profit. Especially when it comes to undervalued properties, a prospective client can make a substantial amount of profit for a low capital investment especially when renovation are done. Develop Although the previously mentioned reasons can offer a reasonable profit to the client, one must not forget that once an investment is done on a real estate it can offer multiple possibilities to develop such property. Therefore it is very important that when a client is buying a property, one makes sure that such investment can offer such profit possibilities in the future. http://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/06/realestateinvest.asp http://realestate.about.com/od/realestateinvesting/qt/why_invest.htm http://www.yourinvestmentpropertymag.com.au/buying-property/35-reasons-to-invest-in-real-estate-120946.aspx Task 1.2 a) In line with the scenario, List and explain all of the following:- the reasons for the client to appoint a Project Manager, referring to a least five (5) client’s tasks (200 words) In order to have an optimum office building, one must have a combination of a specific target definition, adequate planning and professional execution from a team having an expert understanding. If adequate planning is used within the timeframe of the office building, it can reduce losses while also saving from the overall cost and time. In fact, such client tasks may include: Schedule Monitoring Quality Assurance Decision making Cost Monitoring Permit compatibility Although these are only few of the tasks that fall under project management, for this reason a project manager is appointed on behalf of the client. Such appointment must be done in order to have an individual which can make decisions and report back to the client. Since the office building may require a substantial amount of time to manage, a team of project management must be set up in order to realise the client’s concept. Within the office building the project manager will handle the mentioned client tasks like monitoring of schedule to ensure the deadline date is met, monitor cost to keep in line with the budget, conduct quality assurance to make sure they are within the agreed specifications and also support the client in the remaining tasks. Such procedure must be done to reduce the load or handle those which cannot be delegated by the client. Slide 68- understand with relation to time cost and quality†¦. https://books.google.com.mt/books?id=BNVOAaPw6qMCpg=PA106lpg=PA106dq=why+should+a+client+appoint+a+project+managersource=blots=sCklzzM8IWsig=lVnUwtNFt38m1VYKXjYzFwdm0S0hl=ensa=Xei=ahqIVNr7GMnsO8yJgfgDved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=why%20should%20a%20client%20appoint%20a%20project%20managerf=false https://books.google.com.mt/books?id=7Tif1JpevVwCpg=PA7dq=why+should+a+client+appoint+a+project+managerhl=ensa=Xei=ih6IVNWoKIG5OMn_gKgHved=0CCUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepageq=why%20should%20a%20client%20appoint%20a%20project%20managerf=false * b) The kind/type of skills a Project Manager should have, and explain why s/he should be generalist within a client’s organization. (200 words) As the project manager of the office building, it is important to have a number of skills that ensures one can be comfortable with the specific project type and responsibilities associated with it. Such responsibilities may include process organisation, target definition, planning process and construction implementation. The project manager has to be able to give the best advice to the client, while building a healthy communication with the architects and specialists found within the project. Furthermore, by clearly defining the ‘Target Definition’, the project manager will ensure that all phases are done one after the other in the smoothest way possible. More importantly, the project manager must be also a generalist within the client’s organization in order to handle both the stages of the project and participants involved. A generalist project manager, will have enough experience to know that when involving participants at the early stages of the project they w ill put their knowhow and transmit their information to achieve a better overall outcome. Furthermore, such project manager will be able to look into the various project processes and create specific management functions in order to integrate the planner’s objectives with the demand of the executing companies. CHECK WHETHER TO ADD SPECIALISTS https://www.linkedin.com/groups/Project-Manager-Specialist-Generalist-37888.S.204373857 think about cost implication†¦remember the balcony alteration in midi project Task 1.3 c) In line with the scenario, List and explain the differences between line and staff functions (Project Leadership and Project Controlling) within different project management functions, giving at least five (5) examples concerning client’s tasks. http://www.ukessays.com/essays/construction/commercial-real-estate-residential-real-estate-construction-essay.php During the project leadership and project controlling of the said office building, one can decide to choose either line or staff function. Line Function In this system, the hierarchical structure starts with the client and continuous with the other participants involved within the project. Since our office building is relatively complex, the client may not be able to manage all tasks and so, by assigning a project manager he will be responsible to handle the various client’s tasks. This will give a good idea of the project’s management requirements since they can directly impact the outcome of the project. Such client’s tasks are; Project Organisation Ensure permit compatibility Processes execution Enforcement Ensure project financing Such procedure, may also be adopted when the clients does not have a certain management knowhow. In such cases the engaged project manager will act as a â€Å"Temporary CEO† and represent the client in various managerial functions especially when it comes to the control of planner and executing entities.However, one must keep in mind that the project manager will still report to the client’s request. Staff Function On the other hand, within a staff function the client no longer has the ability to act as the primary deciding role but now he has to report to the project’s consultants. This system gives the client the responsibility to control this project (office building), however constant reporting must be made with the project manager. Add someting Task 1.4 d) List and explain the differences between transferable and non-transferable client’s tasks. (400 words) In large scale project Transferable tasks Non-transferable tasks e) List, explain and debate the major aspects/characteristics, to optimize the investment cost and subsequent (follow-up) costs within the design under constant consideration of the intended purpose. Also explain the basic interrelation between investment cost and subsequent cost. (500 words) One must ensure that the design of the scenario matches the concepts and sketches Make sure that the concept has been followed to ensure that the agreed initial concept is after all met. Any saving done at design stage one must see a saving at a later post-commission.

Comparing Relationships in Raymond Carver’s Cathedral and Langston Hughes Mother To Son :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Relationships in Raymond Carver’s Cathedral and Langston Hughes' Mother To Son My Idea of family honestly didn't begin until I agreed to marriage and children. Until that moment, in my laxity, I hadn't even considered the many aspects and values a family should consist of. My experience needless to say, laid in shattered pieces long before I took over the reins of raising myself and built a blockade fortress of stoicism. In all seriousness, I often considered never having a relationship, thinking I was incapable of possessing the experience it would take to pursue such an endeavor. Needless to say, I didn't say 'yes' the first time. In spite of this, I did marry; yet my idea of family was built without preconceived ideologies. I've done what I felt was nurturing and beneficial for my children both environmentally and educationally. All in all, my family is successful though we are a work in progress. I'm often overly diligent in their wellbeing out of my heightened need for them what I never had; the experience of a wonderful family that sets the basis for a su ccessful life when life beyond the days of a dreamy child are a hardship all their own. Family relationships, be it any form, is as always a work in progress, yet, with the fiction work of Cathedral by Raymond Carver and with Langston Hughes' poem Mother To Son, we see those with steadfast nerves and unwavering determination can succeed in this precious and challenging undertaking. When concentrating on the foundation of a promising family, being that of love in marriage in reference to the fiction "Cathedral," I come to see some semblance between my idea of an assuring affinity told by the husband, only referred to as "Bub." Although not blatantly apparent is the husband's love for his wife, he does show it with a bit of a jealous disposition. When referring to his wife's ex-husband, he purposely neglects to even give the guy a name as a result of his envious attitude jeering, "Her officer-why should he have a name? He was the childhood sweetheart, and what more does he want? (818). Besides jealousy, he also expresses many other emotions of a typical loving husband such as: protection, affection, consideration and hurt, with regards to his wife's relationship with her friend Robert, he pouts, I didn't want him (Robert) to think I'd left the room, and I didn't want her to think I was feeling left out.

A Shifting Self of a Postmodern Detective in City of Glass

The main character in City of the Glass has a split subjectivity and is presented to the readers at the first beginning as having multiple identities. â€Å"In the triad of selves that Quinn had become, Wilson served as a kind of ventriloquist. Quinn himself was the dummy, and Work was the animated voice that gave purpose to the enterprise† (Austere, 6). Quinn publishes under the pseudonym William Wilson and lives through Max Work, the novel hero he creates. William Wilson is only â€Å"an invention† that serves as the â€Å"bridge† for him to walk into Works detective voice (Austere, 4).Quinn is solely the puppeteer â€Å"dummy' – an empty husk. His thinking and Interior voice Is substituted by Max Work, who gives life to Quinn In his solitude. As Is written In the novel, â€Å"the writer and the detective are interchangeable† (Austere, 8). The â€Å"private eye† looks into objects and events in search of ideas, in order to make sense of th em, leading to an ultimate truth. For Quinn, the â€Å"private eye† holds â€Å"a triple meaning† (Austere, 8). Throughout the story, we as readers are engaged in the split of ‘l' when we look into the case with the three eyes.One is of an â€Å"Investigator†, probably Max Work who discerns details and traces of facts; two is room the lifeless â€Å"self† wealth Quinn, who keeps a distance from the outer world; and the last eye from the writer or narrator of the story that appears In the end when the case dissolves. The destabilize of subject challenges the readers, as the detective drifts from one identity to another, we also lost a stable detective eye to scrutinize the case. The imaginary figure Max Work is present in the world of others – the fictive outside world.For this reason he is more real and powerful than Quinn. â€Å"The more Quinn seemed to vanish, the more persistent Work's presence In that world became† (Austere, 9). HI S vanishing Inclination Is perhaps due to his alienation In actual world. After the death of his loved ones, he is no longer the ambitious part of him that published a number of works. He hides behind his pseudonym to be in touch with his agent, publisher and readers on the surface. Having no friends and family, he â€Å"no longer exists for anyone but himself† (Austere, 4).This isolation of himself from others accounts for his desire to replace a unified Quinn with multiple Identities, since there Is no connection with others that anchors his subjectivity. And afflicted with all the devastating experience and traumatic memory. Max Work, on the other hand, is an â€Å"aggressive† and â€Å"quick-tongued† (Austere, 9) detective figure whose consciousness Quinn relies on throughout the investigation. Though he has no knowledge of any crime, he attempts to draw relations between events Just like Max would do.Max embodies a modern detective notion of attaining truth through one's rationality and consistency, yet Quinn represents a deciphering subject without a coherent self. A classic detective novel hails the power of reason, and a traditional detective's observation to uncover mysteries is associated with seeking transcendent truth in a modernist perspective. Quinn's desire to lose himself, or to assume alternative identities are incongruous with a traditional detective, who generally has a coherent and consistent self (Sourpuss, 76). The quest for Peter Stallion Sir. s identity is also an attempt to find Quinn himself, which is revealed in his putting down his initial, Q in his red notebook that records the case. However, indulged in the case, Quinn easily shifts himself into the role of detective â€Å"Paul Austere†, an author in the novel mistaken for a detective. â€Å"To be Austere meant being a man with no interior, a man with no thoughts†, â€Å"If his own inner life had been made inaccessible, hen there was no place fo r him to retreat to† (Austere, 61). By being Paul Austere, Quinn empties his inner life and takes up the consciousness of another imaginative figure, a role shaped after detective models.Quinn becomes a mere husk and has nowhere to go back, which shadows his final destiny of disappearing from the scene. Towards the end, the death of Peter Stallion and Quinn's encounter with the real Paul Austere makes him realize his inability to uncover the truth. He is â€Å"nowhere† and â€Å"he knew nothing† (Austere, 104), which is the beginning state of being nowhere he desired. This detective story seems a circle returning to the original point, compared to a linear structure of a conventional one with a definite solution.Without solving the puzzle, Quinn loses himself eventually. Sourpuss wrote that the detective must be a consistent person that enables him to concentrate on the mystery outside of him. Therefore, a degree of ambiguity involved in the detective's very iden tity will interfere with his ability to tackle the mystery at hand (76). As this applies to Quinn, a writer-detective who gets lost in the labyrinth in search of his own identity, it explains he failure of the investigation with no solution in the end.

Ethical Considerations For Testing Essay

There have been many debates throughout the years regarding ethics and when, where and how they are to be used. Many people are unsure of how ethical beliefs should be combined with the proper ways of instructing and testing. Is it ethical to give someone a test if they are not prepared for that test? In the real world, if an individual is not prepared for a certain business meeting, they can simply reschedule. This is the controversy that comes to mind when ethics and testing are combined. Many people believe that there is no ethical considerations given for testing. It is thought by some that students are forced to take a specific test that they are, in fact not ready for, which would prove to be very unethical. However, each curriculum and test is based on things that each student should have already been made aware of during the duration of classes. Therefore, they are, in fact, ready to complete the test. Ethics is overall, a major branch of philosophy, which encompasses and deals with good living and the right conduct. Where there are many different forms of ethics such as business ethics, being thical basically means making the correct and proper decisions. The proper decision concerning testing procedures and the way they are distributed is quite simple. First, the student is taught the material that is to be on the test. Next, the student is to study this material so it is memorized to an extent in their head, given an appropriate amount of time, which usually entails about a week or so. Finally, once all of the criteria has been fully absorbed, and the teacher feels that the content hat is being taught has been sufficiently learned, a test will be given. This test is simply to ensure that the content that was discussed in classed has been effectively learned by the students. It is to my belief that it is not considered unethical for a test to be given simply because a student complains that they were not prepared enough. The teacher has already gone through the necessary preparations for the test, and the rest of the studying is left up to the student to ensure that they are prepared. It is, in fact, true that in the real world if a person working has been scheduled a specific or certain meeting, that they can simply reschedule that meaning if they do not feel they are appropriately prepared enough. Ethically, the proper decision for this person would be to reschedule their business appointment. However, it is not ethical for a student to attempt to reschedule a test unless they have substantial reason for doing so. Examples of such reasoning would be having missed a few days of school due to a sickness.

Essay about CH 6 Vocab

Essay about CH 6 Vocab Essay about CH 6 Vocab Acadians- French residents of Nova Scotia, many of whom were uprooted by the British in 1755 and scattered as far south as Louisiana, where their descendants became known as "Cajuns." Albany Congress- Intercolonial congress summoned by the British government to foster greater colonial unity and assure Iroquois support in the escalating war against the French. Battle of Quà ©bec- Historic British victory over French forces on the outskirts of Quà ©bec. The surrender of Quà ©bec marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America. Coureurs de bois- translated as "runners of the woods," they were French fur-trappers, also known as "voyageurs" (travelers). Who established trading posts throughout North America. The fur trade wreaked havoc on the health and folkways of their Native American partners. Edict of Nantes- Decree issued by the French crown granting limited toleration to French Protestants. Ended religious wars in France and inaugurated a period of French pr eeminence in Europe and across the Atlantic. Its repeal in 1685 prompted a fresh migration of Protestant Huguenots to North America. French and Indian War (Seven Years' War)- Nine-year war between the British and the French in North America. It resulted in the expulsion of the French from the North American mainland and helped spark the Seven Years' War in Europe. Huguenots- French Protestant dissenters, the Huguenots were granted limited tolerance under the Edict of Nantes. After King Louis XIV outlawed Protestantism in 1685, many Huguenots fled elsewhere, including to British North America. King George’s War- North American theater of Europe's War of Austrian Succession that once again pitted British colonies against their French counterparts in the North. The peace settlement did not involve any territorial realignment, leading to conflict between New England settlers and the British government. King William’s War- War fought largely between French trappers, Bri tish settlers, and their respective Indian Allies from 1689-1697. The colonial theater of the larger War of the League of Augsburg in Europe.

Fashion Marketing-Brioni Essay Example

Fashion Marketing Fashion Marketing-Brioni Essay Fashion Marketing-Brioni Essay BRIONI HISTORY: Brioni is an Italian fashion house founded in 1945 by Nazareno Fonticoli and Gaetano Savini. In 1990,Umberto Angeloni became CEO of Brioni. It specialises in the sale of hand-made suits. Brioni’s first fashion show was held in 1952 at the Pitti Palace, Florence. The show gave the company world wide exposure. In 1954, the Brioni held the fashion show in New York City, followed by shows in eight other American cities. That year Brioni opened new shops on both sides of the Atlantic. MAIN COMPETITORS: Men’s wear: Ferragamo Ermenegildo Zegna Hugo Boss Giorgio Armani Gianni Versace According to the results of the 2011 Luxury Brand Status Index (LBSI) Brioni is the top men’s luxury fashion brand of the year. Women’s wear: Hugo boss Polo Ralph Lauren Zegna (Agnona) Hermes Prada Louis Vuitton KEY DATES: 1945 Brioni opens a tailor shop in Rome 1961 Brioni begins distribution to the United States 1978 Brioni opens its own tailoring school 1982 A retail shop is opened in New York 1990 Umberto Angeloni is named chief executive officer 1995 Pierce Brosnan, in the James Bond film Goldeneye, wears a Brioni suit 2002 Brioni opened its first two womens apparel stores in Milan and New York ESTABLISHMENT OF WOMEN’S LINE: (Donna Brioni): As Brioni prepared for the future, the esteem accorded to its brand name was as strong as ever. Although Angeloni consistently tempered any growth of the companys retail network by insisting the development of a retail chain was not in the companys future, the number of Brioni shops increased, nonetheless. In 2002, the company opened its first freestanding womens store in Milan followed by a second womens store in New York later that year. WOMEN’S LINE TEN YEARS ON: Brioni, known for its menswear announced in Q3 2011 that it has ended its women’s wear line, the fall/winter collection currently in stores being the last one. The women’s fashion show was scheduled for 25th September during Milan Fashion Week which was subsequently cancelled. Brioni’s women’s line has had a rocky history since launch, underperforming in most markets. Alessandro Dell’acqua was named creative Director for Brioni’s women line in May 2010. The Company has ended its contract with the creative director and also has closed its Brionis Italian plant in September 2011, which exclusively manufactured the women-wear collections. : The company’s decision to end its women’s line is motivated by its need to concentrate on its core business, men’s wear and accessories. There’s also news that PPR/Gucci group started negotiating a buyout of Brioni in July; however a deal is yet to be reached Bibliography: brioni. com luxuryinstitute. com fundinguniverse. com http://article. wn. com enotes. com elegant-lifestyle. com cpp-luxury. com

The Twelve Signs of the Japanese Zodiac (Juunishi)

The Twelve Signs of the Japanese Zodiac (Juunishi) The Japanese zodiac (Juunishi) is divided into 12 blocks with each block containing a group of years. The years in each block are 12 years apart from the previous or following year (in that block only). Each block is given a name of an animal based on the ancient Chinese concept that all time shifts are based on these twelve units. In Japan, the adoption of the twelve-year cycle, with a different animal representing each block, is fairly common. Those individuals born during a particular year were said to inherit some of the personalities of that years animal. Have a look below to see what year and animal you are. Rat (nezumi) Born 2008, 1996, 1984, 1972, 1960, 1948, 1936, 1924, 1912. People born in the year of the Rat are charming, honest, ambitious, and have a tremendous capacity for pursuing a course to its end. They will work hard for their goals. They are easily angered but maintain an outward show of control. Ox (ushi) Born 2009, 1997, 1985, 1973, 1961, 1949, 1937, 1925, 1913. People born in the year of the Ox are patient, mentally alert and when required to speak are skillful. They have a gift for inspiring confidence in others. This allows them to achieve a great deal of success. Tiger (tora) Born 1998, 1986, 1974, 1962, 1950, 1938, 1926, 1914. People born in the year of the Tiger are sensitive, stubborn, short-tempered, courageous, selfish and slightly mean ... yet they are deep thinkers and are capable of great sympathy for those they are close to and love. Rabbit (usagi) Born 1999, 1987, 1975, 1963, 1951, 1939, 1927, 1915. People born in the year of the Rabbit are the most fortunate. They are smooth talkers, talented, ambitious, virtuous and reserved. They have exceedingly fine taste and regarded with admiration and trust. Dragon (tatsu) Born 2000, 1988, 1976, 1964, 1952, 1940, 1928, 1916. People born in the year of the Dragon are healthy, energetic, excitable, short-tempered and stubborn. However, they are honest, sensitive, brave and can inspire trust in most anyone. They are the most peculiar of the 12 signs of the Zodiac cycle. Snake (hebi) Born 2001, 1989, 1977, 1965, 1953, 1941, 1929, 1917. People born in the year of the Snake are deep thinkers, speak very little and possess tremendous wisdom. They are fortunate in money matters and will always be able to obtain it. They are determined in what they do and hate to fail. Horse (uma) Born 2002, 1990, 1978, 1966, 1954, 1942, 1930, 1918, 1906. People born in the year of the Horse are skillful in paying compliments and talk too much. They are skillful with money and handle finances well. They are quick thinkers, wise and talented. Horse people anger easily and are very impatient. Sheep (hitsuji) Born 2003, 1991, 1979, 1967, 1955, 1943, 1931, 1919, 1907. People born in the year of the Sheep are elegant, highly accomplished in the arts, passionate about nature. At first glance, they seem to be better off than the people born in other years. They are deeply religious and passionate in whatever they do and believe in. Monkey (saru) Born 2004, 1992, 1980, 1968, 1956, 1944, 1932, 1920, 1908. People born in the year of the Monkey are the erratic geniuses of the Zodiac cycle. They are clever and skillful in grand-scale operations and are smart when making financial deals. They are inventive, original and are able to solve the most difficult problems with ease. Rooster (tori) Born 2005, 1981, 1969, 1957, 1945, 1933, 1921, 1909. People born in the year of the Rooster are deep thinkers and are always busy and devoted to their work. They always want to do more than they are able, and if they undertake a task beyond their abilities, they are disappointed. Rooster people have a habit of speaking out directly whenever they have something on their minds. Dog (inu) Born 2006, 1982, 1970, 1958, 1946, 1934, 1922, 1910. People born in the year of the Dog have all the fine qualities of human nature. They have a sense of duty and loyalty, they are extremely honest and always do their best in their relationship with other people. Dog people inspire confidence in others and know how to keep secrets. Boar (inoshishi) Born 2007, 1983, 1971, 1959, 1947, 1935, 1923, 1911. People born in the year of the Boar are brave. They have tremendous inner strength which no one can overcome. They display great honesty. They are short-tempered, yet hate to quarrel or have arguments. They are affectionate and kind to their loved ones.

Constuiton and Criminal Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Constuiton and Criminal Law - Research Paper Example Civil cases, moreover, involve persons and groups seeking to resolve lawful disagreements. In an illegal case, the state, using the prosecutor, instigates the suit, whereas in a public case the casualty brings the suit. People convicted of a crime may be confined, fined, or both. Though, persons found legally responsible in a civil case may just have to relinquish property or forfeit money, but are not confined (Siegel, 2010). What is a Crime? A crime is any omission or act in desecration of a civic law threatening or commanding it. Despite the fact that there are a number of common law crimes, majority of the crimes in the United States are made by the state, local, and federal regimes. Criminal laws differ clearly from one state to another. There is still a Model Penal Code that works as a good beginning place to have a knowhow of the fundamental structure of criminal legal responsibility. Crimes consist of both felonies that are more solemn offenses like, rape or murder and misdem eanors that are less solemn offenses like, jaywalking or petty theft. ... All statutes unfolding criminal activities can be divided into their diverse elements. Most offences with the exemption of strict-liability crimes comprise of two basics: an act and a mental state. Prosecutors have to provide evidence of each and every constituent of an offense to yield a conviction. In addition, the prosecutor must prove to the judge or jury beyond a reasonable uncertainty of every verity necessary to make up the crime charged. In public cases, the petitioner needs to prove that a defendant is legally responsible only by more than 50% or a preponderance of the evidence (Gardner & Anderson, 2006). Murder, Violence and Property Crimes The detailed US violent crime rate comprise of only aggravated physical attack, while the Canadian violent crime rate comprise all sorts of physical attack, as well as the much more numerous physical attack level 1, which is physical attack not using a weapon and not leading to severe bodily harm. Crimes against property comprises of bre aking and entering to people’s houses and getting away with their properties without assault. According to a survey done in 2004 by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, from the year 1981 to 1999, the United States had a lesser surveyed housing burglary level in 1998 than Australia, Canada, Scotland and England. Treason, Terrorism, and Wartime Criminal Justice In the account of the United States, the acts of terrorism, sedition, and criminal justice in times of war took on different forms. From the treason Act of 1798 to the present warfare on terror, the bill and its alterations have been challenged to guarantee national defense. To comprehend this it is better

Postmodern Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Postmodern Art - Essay Example The focus in this essay "Postmodern Art" is on postmodern art. The art world often pretentiously demands a certain level of sophistication from its viewers, as a means of separating the two worlds, but many of the best artists postmodernism has to offer, accept the viewer's own existence, experiences, and emotional base as a point of departure from which to present their message. This works as an explanation for the overwhelming popularity of American artist Jeff Koons, who is arguably the poster boy for postmodern thought and practice. While modern art seems to remain aloof and separated from its audience, postmodernism seeks too coexist on the same level as its viewers, using images from popular culture with which its audience is already familiar, and inverting, twisting, and ultimately destroying those images to create an entirely new thought, and an entirely new work of art. This paper will discuss the era of postmodern art from its conception with Andy Warhol in the 1960’ s, to Koons himself and the way that the genre exists today. It is difficult to discuss Jeff Koons and postmodern art without first discussing it’s conception and Andy Warhol. Koons is often compared to Warhol, because he has achieved much of what the revolutionary Warhol had, including a sort of notorious controversial presence. In understanding Warhols motivation, we will certainly come to a better understanding of the motivating factors behind Koons’ work. The parameters with which we define art are under constant organic change. New ways of understanding concepts of art are at best, problematic as new movements force the visual spectator to at times disavow all preconceived notions and interpretations of art The emergence of a new art movement enables critics to redefine their own theories and understandings, in essence, to reconceptualize art theory. This is an interesting phenomenon when it takes place, one that truly exposes the theorization and ideologies of ar t. The emergence of Pop Art in the 1950's in Britain and its vivacious inception into American society is one such movement that captures this broadening of art. Andy Warhol was one of the movements' most prolific artists, helping to truly affirm the position of Pop Art as a credible, enlightening and in Warhol's conception, groundbreaking art form. Abstract Expressionism had been thoroughly institutionalized within art history since the Second World War and the arrival of Pop Art and its methods ultimately appeared as a reaction against this school of art. Pop Art found its imagery and techniques from the sociological climate of the sixties in which consumerism was fueled by the mass productivity ethos of the time. Certain artists began to aspire to a hard-edged style of art; one that Suzi Gablik believes led to a "moral strategy" facilitated "to avoid tasteful choices and to set the stake higher," (Gablik, 1969). The most profound realization of this strategy was to be the use of found or ready-made objects within pieces of artwork. Warhol was one of the main propagators of this method, a style of painting that would for the first time blemish the distinct qualities between 'high' and 'low' art and find the artist stripped of his autonomy. In Andy Warhol, Crone argues that any attempt to describe or analyze Warhol's work, "must consider the conditions of reality reflected as more important

The World of the Text of Ezekiel Creates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The World of the Text of Ezekiel Creates - Essay Example ve to pay particular heed to all the essentialities while interpreting the Biblical text.2 The present study aims to make interpretation of the Book of Ezekiel by allocating special consideration to chapters 37 and 38. The above-stated chapters of the Book of Ezekiel tend to make prophecies about the future events to be taken place in the collective life of the House of Jacob.3 Chapter 37 begins with Ezekiel’s describing the Hand of the Lord4 taking him to some valley full of dead and dry bones everywhere. The Hand of the Lord signifies the powers of Almighty God; the same has also been mentioned in many places in the Bible, as the Lord has stated: â€Å"For My hand made all these things, Thus all these things came into being," declares the LORD. "But to this one I will look, To him who is humble and contrite of spirit, and who trembles at My word.5 In both of the above verses, the Hand of God represents the supreme omnipotence of the Lord. It is partly because of the very fact that hands signify the labor or toil made by almost all living creatures to achieve something constructive as well as for the fulfillment of one’s needs and desires. As a result, the description of the Hand of God reflects the acts performed by God by applying His countless powers. The verses of chapter 37 of the Book of Ezekiel further narrates that the Lord enquired from Ezekiel whether the dead bones could become full of life again after death; where Ezekiel maintained that only the Lord is all-Knowing, while he did not have enough knowledge about various things including reincarnation.7 At this, Ezekiel found the Lord addressing to the dry bones of the dead people, where He maintained that He would infuse life into the sinews and bones of the dead people.8 The verse mirrors the supremacy and authority attributed to the Creator of heavens and the earth, Who once had created the entire universe9, and countless creatures as well as all humans out of the absolute chaos.10 It is

Technique for a Full Golf Swing a 7-Iron Assignment

Technique for a Full Golf Swing a 7-Iron - Assignment Example To commence the swing, the head should be behind the ball, hips open, forward the arm, with the leg and shaft stacked over the golf ball. To ensure the correct path of the backswing of 7-iron, stand with knees slightly flexed and feet together and get a good ball fight which ensures that the club is on the plane. If you have an incorrect start to the backswing, this makes it hard to consistently square up the clubface at impact. The swing should start the swing with a little more weight on your front foot. Halt the swing when your hands are actually level with the outside of your right thigh. During the swing, an incorrect shoulder turn leads to an inconsistent contact with the ball. As a result, one should ensure that they have the correct shoulder turn. When hitting the golf ball straight, the golfer needs to align his body parallel to the target line of the ball. Adopt a neutral grip with the back of the left hand that is parallel to the clubface. Move your body and arms in such a way that you can trace a straight plane line with the right index finger and club shaft during the backswing, as well as the downswing with the hands below the waist level.     

Should Competition Take Place in Healthcare Research Paper

Should Competition Take Place in Healthcare - Research Paper Example On the other hand, many others argue that no segregation is necessary for healthcare industry from other industries and competition may increase the quality of the healthcare services and products delivered.   Michael Porter and Elizabeth Teisberg in 2004, argued that â€Å"competition takes place at the wrong level in the healthcare industry: the level of health plans, networks, and hospital groups† instead of â€Å"level of diagnosis and treatment of individuals’ diseases† (Enthoven & Tollen, 2005). For example, the health insurance sector in America is dominated by private people even though governmental intervention is there for namesake. The greedy private insurance people always try to increase their profits which will increase the competition among the private insurance business people rather than at the level of diseases and treatments. The unhealthy competition among the healthcare insurance people actually denies the rights of the patients. Insurance companies can influence the doctors who treat the patients. Attracted by the offers and promises provided by the insurance companies, doctors may not prescribe expensive medicines or treatment options for the pat ients who have taken private insurance. Thus unhealthy competition among insurance providers may result in patients getting inadequate care even if they have the insurance protection. â€Å"Some employer groups advocate ‘system to system’ competition, in which physicians are forced to commit to one closed network or another. This actually limits competition at the level of diseases and treatments† (Enthoven & Tollen, 2005).  Ã‚  

Hip-hop and the link between industry, media, fans Essay

Hip-hop and the link between industry, media, fans - Essay Example Cultural theory is a branch of knowledge that applies experience based techniques, in a quest to develop theories that give an explanation of different elements of human expression. Human beings use communication techniques to express, emotions, feelings and different states of mind acquired in their daily activities in respect to the environmental set up they are in. The term expressions denote forms of communication that human beings use to pass certain information from one person to another. The existence of these forms of communication forms the base for cultural theory. The need to explain how human beings relate with their environment, adapt to it and communicate their experiences to successful generations’ forms the relevance of cultural theory.Human beings use different forms of expression to communicate formation from one person to another. These forms include language, signs, art, music and dance, and observation. Language is used to communicate information either or ally or through written work. Signs and dances, on the other hand, are used to transmit information through the use of visible sense, where ideas are encoded in gestures, body movements and other forms of physical signs. Art involves the use of carefully developed carvings and drawings to communicate ideas (Giddens 1997). Music is a complex form of communication that carries cultural information usually expressed in a coherent mix of the other forms of communication. Music involves combined use of language, dance, musical instruments, signs and art in a good proportion to communicate information from one person to another. All those music elements determine its variation. Music is a cultural phenomenon and can only be understood from a well organised study of cultural elements that build it. Music is also made of key components which include industry, genre formation, media, and fans. The interrelationship between the components can be understood through the cultural theory (Negus 1 996). The theory also analyzes the interrelationship that exists between different people to establish the ideologies that govern their interactions. Cultural theory has a number of elements that outlines several ideologies that govern the interrelationship of different parties in the music. Racism is one of the elements of cultural theory that analysis music with the aim of understanding how music industry, genre formation, media, and fans interrelate. Racism refers to prejudice and discrimination of people based on physical differences that exist between them. Members of a community can discriminate other people based on some physical variations such as the skin colour (Longhurst 2007). This discrimination is seen in the behaviour of a particular group toward another. For instance, in United State the white people may disqualify the black people from access public swimming pools for entertainments. For instance, as revealed by the photo below. Such swimming pools may be linked wit h a particular music genre where fans come to swim while enjoying the entertainment from that music genre. Since the black fans may be limited from participating in those entertainments, then it determines the kind of funs to get involved in the music genre. This kind of racism also influences genre formation, for instance, the black people may find that they are being discriminate by the white people, and decide to form music genre that fit their race. Racism creates an ideology that some people are superior to others based on physical differences. The instincts of superiority felt by a tribe create an environment where one tribe is abusive to the other. This result into one tribe exhibiting behaviours that directly disqualifies others in different areas of life. Mase says that racism is evident in music and society in three interdependent dimensions. The first one is the structural where there is social and economic discrimination against

Should Competition Take Place in Healthcare Research Paper

Should Competition Take Place in Healthcare - Research Paper Example On the other hand, many others argue that no segregation is necessary for healthcare industry from other industries and competition may increase the quality of the healthcare services and products delivered.   Michael Porter and Elizabeth Teisberg in 2004, argued that â€Å"competition takes place at the wrong level in the healthcare industry: the level of health plans, networks, and hospital groups† instead of â€Å"level of diagnosis and treatment of individuals’ diseases† (Enthoven & Tollen, 2005). For example, the health insurance sector in America is dominated by private people even though governmental intervention is there for namesake. The greedy private insurance people always try to increase their profits which will increase the competition among the private insurance business people rather than at the level of diseases and treatments. The unhealthy competition among the healthcare insurance people actually denies the rights of the patients. Insurance companies can influence the doctors who treat the patients. Attracted by the offers and promises provided by the insurance companies, doctors may not prescribe expensive medicines or treatment options for the pat ients who have taken private insurance. Thus unhealthy competition among insurance providers may result in patients getting inadequate care even if they have the insurance protection. â€Å"Some employer groups advocate ‘system to system’ competition, in which physicians are forced to commit to one closed network or another. This actually limits competition at the level of diseases and treatments† (Enthoven & Tollen, 2005).  Ã‚  

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Example for Free

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Drunk driving is a problem especially for teens, because of peer pressure and some people feel that it is a funny scenario when they let a drunk driver take control of a vehicle, but they dont realize the danger they are getting into. Many teenagers drink because they think it makes them cooler and not all are aware of the affects of drunk driving. Some teenagers also think they have the ability of being invincible when it comes to getting behind the wheel and they dont realize they are drunk because of teen invincibility, they do not realize they are not only putting themselves in danger, but others as well. It is very dangerous when someone gets behind the wheel of a vehicle under the influence. The pressures of being a teenager and trying to be popular or cool plays a large role on why drunk driving is a problem especially for teens. Part One: Identifying the Issue Statistics from research regarding teen crash rates: One out of 10 children ages 12 and 13 uses alcohol at least once a month. In a single year, 522 children under age 14 were arrested for driving while intoxicated, (113 of them were under 10 years old). 70 percent of all teenagers drink alcohol. 60 percent of all teen deaths in car accidents are alcohol-related. Every 22 minutes someone dies in an alcohol-related motor vehicle accident. †¢ Car crashes are the number one cause of teen deaths in the U. S. †¢ Drivers between the ages of 16 and 19 are four times more likely to die in a crash than drivers between the ages of 25 and 69. Teens have the highest chance of having a fatal crash within the first six months of getting their driver’s license. †¢ 2,739 teenagers died in car accidents in the United States during 2008. †¢ Teen drivers were involved in 12% of all fatal crashes reported to the police. †¢ Males are twice as likely as females to be killed in a crash while they’re teenagers. †¢ 37% of male drivers between the ages of 15 and 20 were speeding at the time of a fatal crash. †¢ 55% of teens killed in car crashes were not using their seat belts. †¢ 31% of teens drivers were drinking alcohol at the time of their death. †¢ Teen drivers were involved in 63% of teen passenger deaths and 19% of passenger deaths of all ages in fatal accidents. †¢ 53% of teen deaths in fatal accidents occurred on the weekends and 41% occurred between 9 pm and 6 am. 5,864 fatal accidents involved teen drivers in 2008. This number is higher than the previous one because the teen driver often has to live with the guilt of causing someone else’s death. How is one organization or group trying to solve this problem? One organization trying to solve this problem is S. A. D. D. S. A. D. D. is an organization trying to solve the drunk driving problem by having presentations to inform students why they should not drink and how to resist peer pressure. They try to inform teens to try to stay away from alcohol and try to keep other teens aware as well. Another organization working to solve this issue is MADD (Mothers against drunk driving). Support high-visibility law enforcement to catch drunk drivers and discourage others from driving drunk, they also wanted to require all drunk drivers to take a breathalyzer before they even start their engine of their car, they also support the development of technology to determine automatically whether or not the driver is above the legal limit of .08 and failing to operate if the driver is drunk. They are trying to eliminate drunk driving as a whole. Web Sites I found this information: http://drivesteady. com/teen-driving-statistics http://www. alcoholalert. com/students-against-drunk-driving. html http://www. firsteagle. com/tdd. htm http://www. madd. org/drunk-driving/campaign/ Part 2: Solutions for the Issue Something else that should be done to help solve or curb the problem. There are many things that could be done to help solve or curb drunk driving, but a lot is already being done. I think another thing that could help curb or solve the problem would be to put up more billboards and have police officials come and talk to teenagers and children in the schools, I think they could also make television shows or commercials to help inform people to help curb this issue. I think this would be a easy way to reach out to teenagers especially about this issue and possibly help solve it and also to make sure that everyone is aware of this problem. What can I personally do to make others aware of this issue? What can I do to make others aware of the issue? There are several things I am capable of doing to make others aware of this issue. To start of I would like to put signs around my school stating statistics about the affects drunk driving has on teens. I would also make an announcement on our school news to help get people aware of what the issue at hand. I would spread the word by telling friends and doing anything I can to help stop drunk driving, especially for underage drinking.

Tourism Demand and Expenditure

Tourism Demand and Expenditure Panel data analysis has appeared in tourism demand research (Eilat and Einav, 2004; Garin-Munoz, 2007; and Naude and Saayman, 2005). The panel data models that were used in the literature are pooled logit regression, the generalized method of moments (GMM) procedure of Arellano and Bond (1991), generalised least squares (GLS) panel data regressions, and ordinary least square (OLS) panel data regressions (which comprise of fixed and random effects models). Panel data analysis has some advantages over the time series econometric models. It incorporates much richer information from both time series and cross sectional data. This approach also reduces the problem of multicollinearity and provides more degrees of freedom in the model estimation. Therefore, it is suitable for forecasting the demand for tourism when the time series for all variables are shorter, and cross-sectional information on these variable are also available. In spite of its advantages, the panel data approach has rare ly been applied to tourism demand analysis. Four exceptions are found in the post-2000 literature. Ledesma-Rodrà ­guez and Navarro-Ibà ¡nez (2001) used the panel data method to model the demand for Tenerife tourism and established both static and dynamic panel models. In addition, Naudà © and Saayman (2005) and Roget and Gonzà ¡lez (2006) both employed the same panel data approach to examine demand for tourism in 43 African countries and the demand for rural tourism in Galicia, Spain, respectively. Dependent variable Selecting a suit variable for dependent variable in tourism demand model is important. Gang le et al (2006) in a study as: Recent Developments in Econometric Modeling and Forecasting with comparing tourism demand models indicates that Compared to tourism demand studies prior to 1990, the measures of tourism demand have not changed much. Tourist arrivals were still the most common measure in the last decade, followed by the tourist expenditure. In particular, tourist expenditure, in the form of either absolute values or budget shares, is required by the specification of demand system models, such as the linear expenditure system (LES) and the AIDS. Compared with the tourism literature before 1990, recent studies pay more attention to disaggregated tourism markets by travel purpose (for example, Morley 1998; Turner et al 1998; Turner and Witt 2001a). Amongst various market segments, leisure tourism attracted the most research attention. 12 studies focused on this particular tourism mar ket (for example, Ashworth and Johnson 1990; Kulendran and Witt 2003b; Song, Romilly, and Liu 2000; Song, Witt, and Li 2003). Different market segments are associated with different influencing factors and varying decision-making processes. Therefore, studies at disaggregated levels give more precise insights into the features of the particular market segments. As a result, more specific and accurate information can be provided to develop efficient marketing strategies. Explanatory Variables Based on the tourism economic theory the arrival of tourist is an encouraging factor for another person that will be travelling to a certain destination. Therefore whatever the number of tourists arrival in the current year in a certain destination then, may be the tourist would come back to this country next year if they have had a good experience from that particular destination. In the other hand, the information about the destination extends as people share their holiday experiences with relatives and friends; therefore it can decrease the rate of uncertainty for potential visitors to that destination. According to Song, (song et al., 2003) the number of people choosing a certain destination in any year depends on the number of people that chose it in the past years. There are many studies that used the lagged dependent variable to explain the tourism demand. For example habibi(2009), Witt and Martin (1987), Fujii and Mak (1981), Garin-Munoz (2007), Garin-Munoz and Martin Montero (2007). Garin-Munoz (2007) discussed the justifications of including a lagged dependent variable in tourism demand models. Two possible justifications are provided. Firstly, there is less uncertainty associated with holidaying in a country that you are already familiar with, compared with travelling to a previously unvisited foreign country, also tourism is generally risk averse and may feel more comfortable in choosing the same previous destination country. Secondly, knowledge about the destination extends as people talk about their holiday, thus reducing the uncertainty for potential visitors to that destination. Own price: The appropriate form of the price variable is by no means clear. In the case of tourism there are two elements of price: the cost of travel to the destination; and the cost of living for the tourist in the destination. Although the theoretical justification for including transportcost as a demand determinant does not appear to be disputed, many authors exclude this variable from the set of explanatory variables on the grounds of potential multicollinearity problems and lack of data availability. (In fact, multicollinearity need not be a problem; instead, it may be a sign of cointegration, which would suggest the use of error correction models.) In certain studies where econometric forecasting models have been developed for international tourism demand, a specific destination tourists cost of living variable is incorporated in the models. Usually, however, the consumer price index in a country is taken to be a proxy for the cost of tourism in that country. In general, this procedure is adopted on the grounds of lack of more suitable data, e.g. an index defined over the basket of goods purchased by tourists, rather than over the usual typical consumer basket (Kliman, 1981, p.490). (In fact, such indices are now published for certain countries and major towns.) Whichever destination price variable is used, it needs to be adjusted by the rate of exchange in order to transform it into origin country currency. Exchange rates are also sometimes used separately to represent tourists living costs. Although they usually appear in addition to either a specific tourists cost of living variable or a consumer price index proxy, they may be the sole representation of tourists living costs. The usual justification for including an exchange rate variable in international tourism demand functions is that consumers are more aware of exchange rates than destination costs of living for tourists, and hence are driven to use exchange rate as a proxy variable (Gray, 1966; Artus, 1970). However, the use of exchange rate alone can be misleading because even though the exchange rate in a destination may become more favourable, this could be counterbalanced by a relatively high inflation rate. Empirical results evaluating the precise form of the tourists cost of living element of the own price variable which should be included in econometric forecasting models indicate that the exchange-rate-adjusted consumer price index (either alone or together with a separate exchange rate variable) is a reasonable proxy for the cost of tourism, but that exchange rate on its own is not an acceptable proxy (Martin and Witt, 1987). Substitute prices: Economic theory suggests that the prices of substitutes may be important determinants of demand. For example, an increase in holiday prices to substitute destination country may increase demand for holidays to another country. Mostly, those substitution possibilities allowed for in international tourism demand studies are restricted to tourists destination living costs. A common form in which substitute prices enter the demand function is to specify the tourists cost of living variable in the form of the destination value relative to the origin value, thus merely permitting substitution between tourist visits to the foreign destination under consideration and domestic tourism. The usual justification for this form of relative price index is that domestic tourism is the most important substitute for foreign tourism. Other studies incorporate substitute prices in a more sophisticated manner; they allow for the impact of competing foreign destinations by specifying the tourists cost of living variable as destination value relative to a weighted average value calculated for a set of alternative destinations, or by specifying a separate weighted average substitute destination cost variable.Just as tourists living costs in substitute destinations are likely to influence the demand for tourism to a given destination, so travel costs to substitute destinations may also be expected to have an impact. Furthermore, if the data are disaggregated by transport mode, then travel cost to the same destination by alternative transport mode(s) would influence tourism demand to a particular destination by a given transport mode. However, although some theoretical attention has been paid to the notion of substitute travel costs in the literature, they rarely feature in tourism demand functions. If a price variable is specified as own price elative to substitute prices, then the variable is listed generally under both own price and substitute prices in Table 1. The only exceptions are the very restrictive cases where the sole substitute destination price considered is the cost of Although travel costs had been considered in over 50% of the studies reviewed by both Crouch and Lim, in recent studies they did not attract as much attention as before, with only 24 studies including this variable. As precise measurements of travel costs were lacking, especially of the aggregate level, proxies such as airfares between the origin and the destination had to be used. However, only in a few cases did the use of proxies result in significant coefficient estimates. Another reason for insignificant effects of travel costs may be related to all inclusive tours where charter flights are often used, and Hence airfares bear little relation to published scheduled fares. The deterministic trend variable describes a steady change format, which is too restrictive to be realistic and may cause serious multicollinearity problems. With this borne in mind, recent studies have been less keen to include it in model specifications. This variable only appeared in 11 reviewed studies. To capture the effects of one-off events, dummy variables have been commonly used. The two oil crises in the 1970s were shown to have the most significant adverse impacts on international tourism demand, followed by the Gulf War in the early 1990s, and the global economic recession in the mid 1980s. Other regional events and origin/destination-specific affairs have also been taken into account in specific studies. It should be noted that no effort has been made to examine the impact of tourism supply in the tourism demand literature, which means that the problem of identification has been ignored. An implicit assumption of this omission is that the tourism sector concerned is assumed to be sufficiently small and the supply elasticity is infinite. To draw more robust conclusions with regard to demand elasticity analysis, however, this condition needs to be carefully examined in future studies. Ferda Halicioglu, (2004) in a paper as: An ARDL Model of International Tourist Flows to Turkey tries to apply a co-integration technique on the international tourist arrivals to Turkey. This study empirically examines aggregate tourism demand function for Turkey using the time series data for the period 1960-2002. The total tourist arrivals into Turkey are related to world income, relative prices and transportation cost. he employ bounds testing co-integration procedure proposed by Pesaran et al. (2001) to compute the short and long-run elasticitys of income, price, and transportation cost variables. The empirical results indicate that income is the most significant variable in explaining the total tourist arrivals to Turkey and there exists a stable tourism demand function. Maria M. De Mello et al (2005) in a study A flexible general form of a Dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System (DAIDS) is derived to analyze the UK tourism demand for its geographically proximate neighbors France, Spain and Portugal, in the period 1969-1997. The results show that DAIDS is a data coherent and theoretically consistent model, providing evidence of the robustness of this methodology to conduct tourism demand analysis in a temporal context. Moreover, the dynamic model offers statistically strong evidence on the inadequacy of the orthodox static AIDS and the other restricted models to reconcile consistently data and theory within their formulations. Estimates for tourism price and expenditure elasticitys are obtained, permitting a comparative analysis of the relative magnitudes and statistical relevance of long and short run sensitivity of the UK tourism demand to changes in its determinants. Sara A. Proenca (2005) in Demand for Tourism in Portugal: A Panel Data Approach use a panel data techniques to estimate the demand function of tourism in Portugal by considering four main countries as the basic tourism suppliers, Spain, Germany, France and the U.K., responsible for almost 90% of the total tourism inflows in this country. In the demand function she introduces both the demand factors include per capita income, relative prices and the supply factors (public investment ratio, accommodation capacity) to explain tourism performance in Portugal. The result of the estimation the models shows that per capita income is the most important demand determinant and accommodation capacity the most important supply determinant explaining thus the tourism flow in Portugal and also, the accommodation capacity is the most important factor in attracting more tourism to this country. Vani K. Borooah (1999) in the supply of hotel rooms in Queensland, Australia examines the supply decisions of hotel and motel owners with respect to guest rooms. This study employed an econometric analysis of supply responses in the hotel sector in the three Queensland regions of the Gold Coast, Whitsunday, and Cairns. The result shows that the supply of guest rooms, in all three regions, was strongly responsive to increases in earnings (per occupied room) but was less influenced by increases in the room occupancy rate or by changes in the interest rate. But the relative strengths of earnings and occupancy rates in influencing supply responses may have much to do with the aggregation of individual hotels into a single sector. Also, Increases in earnings might be a generalized phenomenon, affecting all hotels, and thus evoking a strong supply response from the hotel sector. In addition, increases in occupancy rates might be restricted to a subset of hotels, which are at the margin of being capacity- constrained, evoking a weaker response from the sector. Gonzalez and Moral (1995), in a study as the international tourism demand in Spain, try to find a precise indicator to measure the external demand of the tourist sector as one of the main problems in analyzing the potentialities is. They use tourists spending as the dependent variable, defined as the product of three factors: the number of tourists, the length of their stay and the daily average spending. Also About this subject Cunha (2001) argues that the number of entrances is not a good approximation to express tourism demand since it ignores one of the most important aspects in this sector: the demand of goods and services that tourists require during their permanence. Mello and Sinclair (2002), alternatively, use the share of tourism spending of the origin country to other destination countries to study tourism demand in the U.K. The authors argue that this variable captures the consumption behavior of the tourists and explains the spending component of this economic activity. It is possible to observe an increase in the tourism inflow accompanied by a reduction in spending explained by higher domestic inflation and shorter length of stay. For this reason the expenditure approach is preferable to the inflows approach to study the demand for tourism behavior from the point of view of the hosting country. Rodriguez and Ibanez (2001) use the number of visitors lodged in the destination country as the dependent variable to study the demand for tourism in a panel data approach. The choice of this variable to express tourism demand (in comparison with the number of tourist entrances) has the advantage to consider the length of the stay and to exclude to urists that are hosted to family or friends houses. According to the literature review, the most appropriate variable to be used as the dependent variable in the demand for tourism equation is tourism receipts from the point of view of the receiving country or tourism spending from the point of view of the supplying country (Tse, 1999; Lathiras and Siriopoulos, 1998). However, according to Crouch and Shaw (1992), almost 70% of the studies that estimated tourism demand functions have used the number of visitors (entrances) as the dependent variable (Quiand Zhand, 1995; Morris, Wilson and Bakalis, 1995; Kulendran, 1996; Akis, 1998). The main reason for this choice has been the unavailability of data on tourism spending. Naude ,W.A. A. Saayman (2004) in a paper about determination of tourism arrivals in Africa use cross-section and panel data for the period 1996 to 2000 to identify the determinants of tourism arrivals in 43 African countries, taking into account the country of origin of tourists. The results suggest that political stability, tourism infrastructure, marketing and information and the level of development in the destination are key determinants of travel to Africa. Typical developed country determinants of tourism demand, such as the level of income in the origin country, the cost of travel and the relative prices, are not that significant in explaining the demand for Africa as a tourism destination. They are recommended that attention should be given to improving the overall stability of the continent and the availability and quantity of tourism infrastructure. ONeil Malcolm (2003) in study about Tourism Maturity and Demand in Jamaica estimates a demand function for Jamaicas tourist product. An error correction model (ECM), structural time model (STM) and an autoregressive moving average (ARIMA) model were employed. The ECM was more robust than the ARIMA and STM models in predicting tourism demand. The ECM and ARIMA models captured the major turning points in the series well and provided reasonably good forecasts. In contrast to the findings of Henry and Longmore (2002), the results indicate that source country income is significant. The explanatory power of the ECM improved with the inclusion of the tourism density ratio, implying that researchers should include inter-action factors in tourism demand models. The empirical analysis indicates that Jamaica has a mature tourism product. The empirical analysis indicates that tourism demand is predominantly explained by income in source country. The absolute price, relative price and exchange ra te have very marginal, and in most cases no significant impact on tourism demand. The finding also suggests that Jamaica is a maturing destination for the USA and UK markets. Of the three models estimated the ECM was the most appropriate in explaining tourism demand. It was found that the inclusion of the tourist density ratio in the regression improved the explanatory power of the model. The unit price of the service was found to be insignificant. Smith, S. L. J. (1995) describes the challenges with describing and defining tourism. Particularly, it focuses on defining tourism as a demand-side concept from the perspective of the person taking the trip or supply-side from the perspective of the business supplying the tourism product or service. On the demand-side tourism can be classified by length of stay, type of expenditure, type of traveler, type of trip, transport mode or accommodation type. On the supply-side, the tourism industry can be classified first by whether the business and secondly by the type of tourism product such as passenger air transport, camping, recreation and entertainment. Empirical Study in Tourism Tax Base on Gooroochurn and Sinclair (2005) study that tourism taxes are welfare-enhancing since the destination country can transfer the tax to foreign tourists. They found that tax on tourism was more efficient and equitable than levying tax on other sectors in country. However, gosling peetersceron and dubois (2005) argue that destinations adopting eco-taxes on tourism may possibly suffer from welfare loss. Similarly, Jensen and Wanhill, (2002) suspect that worldwide increases in both numbers and rates of tourism taxes in recent years are not welfare-enhancing, since governments seem to consider tourism taxes as easy money, giving them license to deviate from economic rationality. The past literature includes a number of studies on the impact of tourism taxes on destinations welfare, often with controversial findings (Bird, 1992;  Clark and Ng, 1993;  Dimanche, 2003;  Forsyth and Dwyer, 2002;  Gago, Labandeira, Picos, and Rodriguez, 2009; Levine, 2003;  Litvin, Crotts, Black well, and Styles, 2006;  Mak, 1988;  Mayor and Tol, 2007;  Palmer and Riera 2003;  Ã‚  Piga, 2003). According to Corey Gerant Mathews, (2004), several sources suggest that reductions or the elimination of tourism marketing have a negative effect on travel to and revenues of the target country, On the other hand, several evidence suggest that tourism tax could support other plans in the destination country; such as: education, transportation, life guarding, zoos, and other programs and services that would also draw additional tourists to the area. Mak and Nishimura (1979) drew a conclusion in which they estimated the influence of a hotel room tax on Hawaiis tourist industry using single equation estimation approaches. They utilized cross section data on individual visitor parties, had collected by Hawaii Visitors Bureau (HBV) in 1974. Like cross section demand studies, that study was detracted from by the difficulty and imprecision in measurement of the prices.A similar conclusion was reached by Bonham, Carl and Byron Gangnes (1996) in Intervention Analysis with Co-integrated Time Series: The Case of the Hawaii Hotel Room Tax. In this article, they analyzed an intervention of a room tax levied by the state of Hawaii in 1987. In that study room tax was found not to have a noticeable statistically significant contribution to room revenues. They analyzed the ex-post effect of the room tax on revenues using a time series econometrics framework. Hailin Qu, Peng Xu, Amy Tan (2004) in a paper as A simultaneous equations model of the hotel room supply and demand in Hong Kong use a system of include demand and supply equations to identify the important factors that influence the hotel room supply and demand, and their overall impact on the Hong Kong hotel industry. In the model of tourism supply they used average hotel room rate as dependent variable. They employed 19 years of time series data in simultaneous equations econometric framework. The result of estimation of model show that the overall goodness-of-fit of both demand and supply models is very high, suggesting high predictive power. More ever, Empirical results indicate that hotel room price and tourist arrivals are significant factors driving the demand for hotel rooms. In addition, 1990-91 recession and the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis had a significant negative impact on the demand for hotel rooms in Hong Kong. At the same time, hotel room quantity demanded, room occupancy rate, last periods room price, labor cost, last periods average price of Grade A private offices, and the Asian financial crisis had a significant impact on room price in the short run. H. Tsai et al,(2006) in Examining the hotel room supply and demand in Las Vegas: A simultaneous equations model try to identify the important factors that influence the hotel room supply and demand, in Las Vegas employing econometric variables in a simultaneous framework during 1992-1999. In the model of tourism supply they used average hotel room rate as dependent variable. The results show that room rate for the current month, the 3-month Treasury bill rate and gaming revenue per room for the 12-month prior are the three determinants of the room supply function, while consumer price index for the current month is the only determinant of the room demand function. This study also employs the 2SLS technique, but tests different econometric variables in the Las Vegas context. At the beginning they modeled the empirical treatment of hotel room revenues employing a variant of the multi-input transfer function methodology developed by Box and Jenkins (Box, Jenkins and Reinsel,1994).They method extends the rudimentary transfer function model to include long term co-integration relationships between room revenues and major explanatory variables. Once an appropriate pre-intervention model has been identified, it is applied to the post-intervention sample. they model appears to provide strong evidence against any significant permanent effect of the room tax on either the level or growth rate of after-tax hotel room revenues and this is not a surprising conclusion. As Bonham et al. (1992) indicated, a rise of 5% in room rates is less than 1.5% of the total cost of a typical Hawaiian vacation. Therefore, noticeable adjustments to room demand are improbable. The tax is invisible to the tourist when planning a Vacation as the tax is added to room bills on checkout. Hawaii was not was not imposing or rising room tax during the period of time. The Undesirable adverse effect of Hawaiis tax on competitiveness would decrease to the extent that taxes were increasing in competing markets. John O. Spengler and Muzaffer Uysal(1989) in a study as: considerations in the hotel taxation process try to analysis the tax on hotel room. This paper is intended to put the notion of hotel taxation into perspective providing a framework of elements which tax experts and hospitality speci9lists deem important. Included tax elements consist of economic considerations, tax incidence, tax progressivity and equity, and tax exportability. These elements are also examined as part of.a process under conditions of inelastic and elastic demand. Finally, a brief discussion of taxation policy implications was provided. Given the importance .of the hotel tax to members of the tourism industry and policy makers, a synthesis of the key variables which influence the taxation process is paramount. This paper has explored these variables individually and in combination.It is hoped that this effort has furthered a better understanding of the hotel taxation process. This understanding, however, should be backed by reliable and relevant research. In specific, research should be conducted which addresses the First, the demand supply elasticitys for visitor destinations should be studied. Findings from this line of study will determine in general whether it is the visitor or the hotelier who bears the greater burden of the tax. This will. Provide answers to the question of tax incidence. Second, research should address questions relating to the income characteristics of visitors, the proportion of business travelers to tourists, and the economic consequences of the tax for tour operators, meeting planners and corporations. These questions concern the concept of tax equity and progressivity. Third, research is suggested regarding the exportability of a hotel tax. Studies addressing the percentage of hoteliers and employees who are local residents, and the percentage of hotel guests who are residents of the local community would be relevant. Last, questions concerning the use of funds derived from the tax must be answered. Resear ch should address whether funds used in the past for promotion and upgrading visitor attractions have increased visitor demand. In addition, the most appropriate and efficient use of funds should be addressed. With sufficient information supplied by research, and adherence to general guidelines in policy formation, legislators will be better able to make just and rational decisions concerning the hotel tax.E. Aguilo! et al. (2005) in a study as The short-term price effect of a tourist tax through a dynamic demand model for the Balearic Islands. The objective of this paper is to identify the markets sensitivity to price changes in travel-related services or groups of services, assuming that one of the main factors that influences travel decisions is the information on the destination that consumers receive. In order to include this effect, the study applies a combination of a diffusion model and a traditional economic utility theory model to tourists visiting the Balearic Islands · (Spain) from the United Kingdom, Germany, France and the Netherlands. The result shows that The effect of the tourist tax on tourism supplies has not been assessed. Richard M. bird (1992) in Taxing Tourism in Developing Countries show that in principle there is a strong economic case in many, countries for taxing tourism more than at present, but that the nature of the industry and administrative difficulties severely limit what can be done in practice. This analysis and a review of the fiscal instruments available to most developing countries suggest three main conclusions: first, more attention should be paid to introducing adequate charging Policies where possible: second, special taxes on hotel accommodation are generally the key to tourist taxation; and third, there is little reason to provide special incentives for investment in the tourist industry. According to Bonham, Carl and Byron Gangnes (1996) in Intervention Analysis with Co integrated Time Series: The Case of the Hawaii Hotel Room Tax. Room taxes are touted by proponents as a way to shift the local. tax burden to non-residents, while the travel industry claims the levies significantly harm their competitiveness. In this study, they analyze the effect on hotel revenues of the Hawaii room tax using time ·series intervention analysis. They specify a time series models of revenue behavior that captures the long-term co-integrating relationships among revenues and important income and relative price variables, as well as · other short-run dynamic influences. They also, estimate the effect on Hawaii hotel room revenues of the 5% Hawaii hotel room tax introduce d. in January 1987. The result show that no evidence of statistically significant tax impacts. · Fujii, Edwin, Mohammed Khaled and James Mak (1985) in a paper as The Exportability of Hotel Occupancy and Other Tourist Taxes attempt to examine the incidence and exportability of an ad valorem hotel room occupancy tax for Hawaii vis-a-vis alternative tourist taxes. The study employs a system approach and times series data (1961-1980. Results indicate that a hotel room tax is readily, though not fully, shifted/exported. It is more readily exported than similar taxes levied on excise/sales tax, since taxes levied on non-lodging expenditures also fall heavily on residents. Results also suggest that taxes imposed on tourist spending have a moderately large negative output effect on the visitor industry. Hiemstra, Stephen J. and Joseph A. Ismail (1992) In their study as Analysis of Room Taxes Levied on the Lodging Industry try to summarize a study of the impacts of room taxes on the lodging industry by (1) reporting the findings of Phase 1I of an overall study assessing the negative impacts on number of rooms rented of room taxes levied on the lodging industry, and (2) applying the price elasticity of market demand found inst~p 1 to the average amounts of room taxes paid, as measured in Phase I of the overall study. The elasticity measurement comes from a statistical model based on data from a national pro

japan :: essays research papers

Morita was born in Nagoya, Japan, in 1921 the son of sake brewers. In 1946, he helped start Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo KK (the Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation) with Ibuka. They had $375 and space in an abandoned department store, shelled by bombs in the war. The company quickly built Japan's first tape recorder, but it was big and bulky -- not a product destined to propel the company into the limelight. Then, in the 1950s, Ibuka and Morita got a license from Bell Labs to build transistors. The Japanese were still hard hit by the war, and couldn't really afford expensive electronics, so Ibuka set his sights on the American market with a brand new idea -- a small, transistorized radio that could fit in your pocket. As it was, a US company built such a radio first, but more as a gimmick than an actual product. When Sony, as Morita's company was soon renamed, came out with their radio, it quickly took over the market While the Regency sold out everywhere, it didn't stay on the market. Texas Instruments caused the sensation it wanted and then moved on to other things. But over in Japan, a tiny company had other ideas. A tape recorder manufacturer called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo had also decided to make small radios. In fact, they were going to devote their whole company to commercial products like that. Tsushin Kogyo was close to manufacturing its first radios when it heard that an American company had beaten them to the punch. But they kept up the hard work, eventually producing a radio they named the TR-52. When Regency quit producing the TR1, in the spring of 1955, the Japanese company was poised to enter the US market. While most American companies researched the transistor for its military applications, Ibuka envisioned using it for communications. While Regency and Texas Instruments in the US may have built a transistor radio first, it was the Tokyo Company that really invested the radio as a viable commercial product. Ibuka's company -- now named Sony, a combination of the Latin word for sound "sonus" and the chic Japanese boys of the time nicknamed "sonny" -- quickly took over the market. The only problem was that the company name was unprouncable for Americans. They needed a new name. Ibuka and his partner Akio Morita thought and thought. First, they found a Latin word sonus meaning, "sound.

Free Yellow Wallpaper Essays: An Essay :: Yellow Wallpaper essays

For the women in the twentieth century today, who have more freedom than before and have not experienced the depressive life that Gilman lived from 1860 to 1935, it is difficult to understand Gilman's situation and understand the significance of "The Yellow Wallpaper". Gilman's original purpose of writing the story was to gain personal satisfaction if Dr. S. Weir Mitchell might change his treatment after reading the story. However, as Ann L. Jane suggests, "The Yellow Wallpaper" is "the best crafted of her fiction: a genuine literary piece...the most directly, obviously, self-consciously autobiographical of all her stories" (Introduction xvi). And more importantly, Gilman says in her article in The Forerunner, "It was not intended to drive people crazy, but to save people from being driven crazy, and it worked" (20). Therefore, "The Yellow Wallpaper" is a revelation of Charlotte Perkins Gilman's own emotions. When the story first came out in 1892 the critics considered "The Yellow Wa llpaper" as a portrayal of female insanity rather than a story that reveals an aspect of society. In The Transcript, a physician from Boston wrote, "Such a story ought not to be written...it was enough to drive anyone mad to read it" (Gilman 19). This statement implies that any woman that would write something to show opposition to the dominant social values must have been insane. In Gilman's time setting "The ideal woman was not only assigned a social role that locked her into her home, but she was also expected to like it, to be cheerful and gay, smiling and good humored" (Lane, To Herland 109). Those women who rejected this role and pursued intellectual enlightenment and freedom would be scoffed, alienated, and even punished. This is exactly what Gilman experienced when she tried to express her desire for independence. Gilman expressed her emotional and psychological feelings of rejection from society for thinking freely in "The Yellow Wallpaper", which is a reaction to the fact that it was against the grain of society for women to pursue intellectual freedom or a career in the late 1800's. Her taking Dr. S. Weir Mitchell's "rest cure" was the result of the pressures of these prevalent social values. Charlotte Gilman was born on July 3, 1860, in Hartford, Connecticut in a family boasting a list of revolutionary thinkers, writers. And intermarriages among them were, as Carol Berkin put it, "in discrete confirmation of their pride in association" (18).

Pest and Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of Barclays Bank Essay

PEST Analysis Barclays Bank identified the sustainability as a means of recognizing and managing the economic, social, and environmental issues across the Group, and at the same time, contributing to the wellness of the society. PEST analysis is created to identify the factors that might affect the sustainability of the organization. Political Analysis The sustainability of Barclays’s agenda has expanded rapidly. It reflects the company’s increasing focus on the wider nature of business and made the stakeholders growing interests in competitive world of business. There is now a great awareness about the global challenges such as climate changes, poverty, scarcity of resources, and demographic shifting. The responses came from the government and from different businesses, as well as the non-profit organization helped the Barclays made it possible for the sustainability. Economic Analysis The approach to the sustainability program is useful and encourages the company to be open and transparent to the issues such as the initiatives in further research and development, dialogue with the government and various organizations, and their priorities. Barclays enable to broaden their focus on corporate responsibility to prove that they play an essential role in establishing an economic advantage in the country where they operate. Social Analysis The sustainability strategy focuses in their objective to improve the value of the business and their stakeholders. They give importance on the customers and clients such as maintaining the understanding of their needs and promoting the company by measuring satisfaction. It can be only possible  by focusing of their global performance by their assurance to develop an innovative solution and enhancing performance. On the other hand, the people working under their organization make a great advantage in the performance of the business. In addition, they attract employees to collect the talent, develop them according to the competent world, and retaining them as much as possible. Technological Analysis The Barclays uses the means of technology for their business especially in the areas of inclusive banking. Their aim to help the people in fight against poverty is possible through their financial system. The technology makes it possible to empower the system and establish a competitive advantage. Pioneering the new ideas, adding the skills and operational excellence are part of the guiding principle of the organization. Read more: http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2010/09/pest-and-porters-five-forces-analysis-of-barclays-bank.html#ixzz14SgOwmCo

Honors Program

Mary Kay Ash, the founder of Mary Kay Cosmetics, once said, â€Å"Don’t limit yourself. Many people limit themselves to what they think they can do. You can go as far as your mind lets you. What you believe, remember, you can achieve. † Being a part of the Honors Program will allow me to go above and beyond what I think I can accomplish and achieve. I take great interest in this Program and I believe that I can contribute many outstanding qualities that I possess as well as receive a lot from it. The Honors Program grabbed my attention because it’s for academically outstanding students and I am that student. Throughout my years of high school, I have taken Advanced Placement and Honors classes and have done very well in them. Being average is not okay for me, I want to do my best and reach my fullest potential in everything I do. I like being challenged mentally and that is exactly what the Honors Program will do for me. In the Honors Program I will be able to engage in social and cultural seminars that I know I will thoroughly enjoy. I have been a part of Diversity Club where different cultures come together to share ideas, exchange food, and get to know more about each others’ culture, so I have an idea of what seminars are like. I am a very outgoing person and I love to meet and interact with new people so through these seminars and projects I will be able to do that. I would also like to get a broader perspective on the world and throughout the many different projects, I will gain that. I read about the Honors Program and what will be done throughout the four years and I thought to myself that this is where I belong, I will fit right in. I want to accomplish many things that this program will allow me to and greatness is what I would like to aim for. The Honors Program at John Carroll University brings together one of the most gifted, diverse, and active groups of people not only on campus, but in the country and I would like to be a part of that, something great. I am totally honored to be a part of this institution. If lucky enough to be appointed to the Honors Program, I will be able to bring my diverse background, my various leadership qualities, my love for extracurricular activities, and an overall point of view that will be able to express the opinions of many people. In high school, I have stayed involved in activities because I believe everything that you do is a learning experience and you can grow as a person from it. As a member of the varsity volleyball team, I learned how essential it is to be a team player. Working hard together, staying motivated, never giving up, and having a positive attitude really do bring about success. Being a part of Link Crew, where I helped the upcoming freshman’s transition from middle school to high school more enjoyable, made me learn a lot about being a leader. I take pride in having underclassmen look up to me because I set a good example in and outside of the classroom. I am also a member of Relay for Life. I am a firm believer in standing up for what I believe in and taking action on something that I think is important. Each year my team donates a lot of money to support cancer patients. These skills that I have developed from some of the extra-curricular activities that I am involved in, I will bring into the Honors Program. For the most part, I realized that students that are highly motivated academically are always interested in exploring new things. I am anxious to learn more about everything, especially about myself and finding even more activities that I may take interest in. The main goal that I wish to accomplish from the Honors Program is growth. I think that life is about achievement but it is also about learning and growth and developing qualities such as compassion, patience, perseverance, love and joy and so forth. So from the Honors Program I would like to stretch myself and achieve much more than I think I can because nothing is impossible and there is always room for improvement in every aspect of life. Any organization or event that I commit myself to, I obligate myself to perform the tasks at hand at the fullest of my abilities and do not believe in doing anything half-heartedly. I consider myself a â€Å"leader† and enjoy taking responsibilities, making decisions, and being held accountable for my actions. Furthermore, if appointed to the Honors Program, I will make it one of my top priorities and be able to dedicate lots of hours to its causes and goals.